What is the primary function of ribosomes?

The primary function of ribosomes is to synthesize proteins. Ribosomes are essential cellular structures found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and they serve as the site where amino acids are assembled into proteins based on the instructions encoded in messenger RNA (mRNA). This process, known as translation, involves reading the sequence of the mRNA and linking the appropriate amino acids together to form polypeptides, which then fold into functional proteins.

The significance of ribosomes cannot be overstated, as proteins are crucial for numerous cellular functions, including serving as enzymes, providing structural support, facilitating transport, and regulating various biological processes. The correct answer highlights the central role of ribosomes in the fundamental process of protein synthesis, which is critical for cell function and organismal growth and development.